The phrase "AI literacy" now travels with the moral weight of reading itself, and that borrowing is not accidental. When an advocate says a skill is the "new literacy," the argument is already won before it is made: no one is against literacy, no one wants their grandchild left illiterate, and so the word arrives pre-approved. But ask what this particular literacy is meant to protect, and the answer, across most of the last year's writing, turns out to be a résumé — the reader's future employability, the nation's competitiveness, the enterprise's compliance posture. The narrower and more urgent cousin of that conversation is the one this column takes up: the project of teaching the people most likely to be deceived — the elderly, the isolated, children, anyone whose defenses the technology is specifically built to slip past — to recognize a voice that has been cloned from three seconds of audio, a video of a public official that was never filmed, a message from a "relative in distress" written by a system that never met the family.
The topic scored a total of 67 hits across three live quarters of 2025, and across that span the framing barely moved: optimism led every quarter, but never by much, and no inversion point ever registered. That stability is itself the story. The arc that follows traces two lines that ought to be the same line and are not. One is the rhetoric of AI literacy as it swelled through 2025 — confident, expansive, borrowing the authority of the alphabet. The other is the reality of who actually gets reached, by what, and against which threat. Where those lines meet, the consensus is real. Where they miss, a grandmother is answering a phone call that a curriculum was never written to prepare her for.
Early in 2025 the register was economic, and it was confident. The World Economic Forum's Blueprint for Intelligent Economies framed AI capability as a national maturity journey, a matter of regional collaboration and competitiveness; literacy, in that document, is what a workforce accumulates so an economy can climb. The AI Literacy Framework for the Global South inherited the same grammar, casting literacy as the ticket off the sidelines of the digital revolution — "from margins to momentum." Even the scholarly work carried the developmental cast: a January study of AI literacy among library and information science students across Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan, with its 632 respondents, measured literacy as professional readiness. The threat model in all of this is falling behind. The victim, if there is one, is a country.